Jihad Azour , a Lebanese economist and politician, who served as Lebanon’s minister of finance under PM Fouad Saniora’s government from 2005 to 2008. He is currently the Director of the Middle East and Central Asia Department at the International Monetary Fund where he oversees the Fund’s work in the Middle East, North Africa, Central Asia and Caucasus. He has also been the leading presidential candidate of the opposition in Lebanon, but Hezbollah and it ally Nabih Berri obstructed his election even though he secured the largest number of votes in the Parliament so far
The international community should work to end the conflict in the Middle East and address the “huge” humanitarian crisis that has engulfed countries in the region, the head of the IMF’s Middle East and Central Asia department said Thursday.
Jihad Azour spoke to AFP in Washington, where the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank are currently taking place.
In updated economic estimates, the Fund slightly downgraded its outlook for economic growth in the Middle East and North Africa to 2.1 percent this year, while maintaining its 4.0 percent growth outlook for 2025.
However, these estimates do not take into account the economic impact of the recent escalation of conflict in southern Lebanon, where Israel has invaded to fight Hezbollah.
Azour, a former Lebanese finance minister, noted that the most severely affected places, including Lebanon and the Palestinian territories, were facing a “huge humanitarian problem” which has devastated their economies.
“You have massive loss in output, you have a massive destruction in infrastructure, and you have a huge set of needs for additional spending, for shelter, for health and so on,” he said.
“We expect that growth will be negative in those cases, and we expect that the recovery would take longer to materialize,” he added.
The IMF has suspended its forecasts for the Lebanese economy, citing an “unusually high degree of uncertainty.” But a recent United Nations Development report estimated that the country’s GDP would be 9.2 percent smaller as a “direct consequence” of the conflict.
“You have massive destruction of infrastructure in a large region, which is the south, and mass destruction of livelihood, because this is an agricultural region that was severely affected,” Azour said, adding that almost 20 percent of Lebanon’s population had been displaced.
“We encourage the international community, we encourage the friends of Lebanon, to provide grants,” he continued, calling on the international community “to put its utmost effort in order to solve the problem, in order to reduce the suffering of people.”
Indirect impact in Egypt, Jordan
For countries indirectly affected by the conflict, like Jordan and Egypt, the impact of Israel’s ongoing military campaigns in Gaza and Lebanon has been felt differently.
While Egypt has been hit hard by a 70 percent fall in revenues from ships traversing the Suez Canal, Jordan’s economy has suffered from a steep decline in tourism, Azour said.
The IMF recently expanded an existing loan program with Egypt from $3 billion to $5 billion, in return for painful and wide-ranging economic reforms, including a shift to a more flexible exchange rate and an emphasis on tackling inflation and high debt levels.
Azour said that while the Fund was currently focused on helping countries in the region address immediate concerns, it also had a role to play in bringing the region together to help with post-conflict reconstruction.
“We think that there is a regional play here, whereby countries could trade and exchange more and can grow better together,” he said.
AFP/ FRANCE24
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