Catholic bishops reject welcome to gays in sign of split

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pope francis  a plea for peaceCatholic bishops rejected a landmark change Saturday in the rigid stance on gays and divorcees, revealing enormous gaps within the church at the end of a two-week meeting.

The synod’s final statement failed to include remarkably conciliatory language revealed a week ago that would have welcomed the “gifts and qualities” of gay Catholics and called on pastors to “avoid any language or behavior” that could discriminate against divorced Catholics.

While the language on gays had been softened during discussion in the meeting’s last days, the final document failed to receive the two-thirds majority vote it needed. The bishops did, however, praise conjugal love — love within the bounds of traditional marriage — calling it “one of the most beautiful of all miracles and the most common.”

Still, the failure to reach a consensus on broader-reaching language is a failure for the more tolerant tone Pope Francis has struck since taking the role of pontiff more than a year ago. Last year, the pope made waves when, in response to a question about whether gays could be good Christians, he asked, “Who am I to judge?”

After the vote Saturday, Francis warned bishops against what he called “hostile rigidity” in their thinking on these topics, his remarks earning a five-minute standing ovation.

The Vatican downplayed Saturday’s developments, with Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi stressing at a briefing that the document — which sets guidelines for pastors to follow in their ministries — was a work in progress that could be tweaked and discussed over the next year.

“It is important not to overanalyze,” Lombardi said. “The fathers of the synod never saw themselves as reaching a final conclusion with this document.”

The dramatic shift in tone comes after a week of hot debate over the more-accepting language among conservative and liberal groups alike.

American Cardinal Raymond Burke said the conciliatory language revealed last week was forced and did not represent the majority view, adding that gays were “intrinsically confused.”

Burke, prefect of the Vatican’s court on canon law, revealed Saturday he is being reassigned to a lower-profile role in the coming days, a move the Italian media attributed to his recent criticisms.

Even the Italian government got involved, with Minister of the Interior Angelino Alfano sending a notice to local prefects that registrations of same-sex marriages would be voided. The move came after several officials — including those in Rome, Milan and Bologna — started preparing to register marriages between gay couples.

Italian activists, meanwhile, are disappointed in the outcome of the synod but said they still hold out hope.

“It’s disappointing that the recognition of gays in the church took two steps forward and one step back,” said Nello Salvai, a local activist. “But it’s clearly a different church under Pope Francis, and I have faith it will move forward.”

Rank-and-file Catholics who expressed surprise when the mid-synod document was released took the change in stride.

“It doesn’t seem realistic to change the direction of the church in a two-week meeting,” said Francesco Napolitano, a 39-year-old bus driver who was in St. Peter’s Square on Saturday evening. “For good or bad, the church is slow to change.”

USA Today

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35 responses to “Catholic bishops reject welcome to gays in sign of split”

  1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
    Maborlz Ez-Hari

    Why does the church have to change? Did God send us any amendments? I don’t think so.
    Genesis XIII, 13: “And the men of Sodom were very wicked, sinners before the face of the Lord, beyond measure”; these Sodomites were in fact homosexuals, as it is proven by Genesis XIX 1-11.

    Leviticus 18:22,24-30: “Thou shall not lie with mankind as with womankind, because it is an abomination. (…) Defile not yourselves with any of these things with which all the nations have been defiled, which I will cast out before you. And with which the land is defiled: the abominations of which I will visit, that it may vomit out its inhabitants. Keep ye my ordinances and my judgments, and do not any of these abominations: neither any of your own nation, nor any stranger that sojourneth among you. For all these detestable things the inhabitants of the land have done, that were before you, and have defiled it. Beware then, lest in like manner, it vomit you also out, if you do the like things, as it vomited out the nation that was before you. Every soul that shall commit any of these abominations, shall perish from the midst of his people. Keep my commandments. Do not the things which they have done, that have been before you, and be not defiled therein. I am the Lord your God”.

    Jude 1:7 -“As Sodom and Gomorrah, and the neighboring cities, in like manner, having given themselves to fornication, and going after strange flesh, were made an example, suffering the punishment of eternal fire

    Jude 1:7 -“As Sodom and Gomorrah, and the neighboring cities, in like manner, having given themselves to fornication, and going after strange flesh, were made an example, suffering the punishment of eternal fire.”

    I Corinthians VI, 9-10: “Know you not that the unjust shall not possess the kingdom of God? Do not err: Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers. Nor the effeminate, nor liars with mankind, (…) shall possess the kingdom of God”. See Genesis 19:12-29. Consequently, St. Augustine says (1) “that of all these – namely the sins belonging to lust – that which is against nature is the worst,” is ”in itself a mortal sin,” (2) a sin specifically distinct (3) from all other sins.

    II Why is homosexuality an “abomination”, excluding from the heavenly kingdom?

    A. Because homosexuality is against nature: In the natural order planned by God, the purpose of the carnal union is generation. Now, generation is the natural fruit of the carnal union of man and woman. Therefore the carnal union of two persons of the same sex goes against the natural order planned by God.

    B. Because homosexuality is against reason: Reason presupposes things as determined by nature, before disposing of other things according as it is fitting. Now, in matters of action, it is most grave and shameful to act against things as determined by nature. Therefore, since the homosexual transgresses that which has been determined by nature with regards to the use of sexual actions, it follows that he acts against reason.

    1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
      Maborlz Ez-Hari

      And yuk.

    2. 5thDrawer Avatar

      Why? The first answer would be to keep ‘donations’ rolling in, I suppose. Need ‘population’ for that – and the ‘free-minded’ populations are changing their thinking on those ancient quotations as well as the ‘going to’. Hard enough to dress up the kids to sit for a trip to the zoo, let alone want to sit and listen to the ‘Fire&Brimstone’ lines again.
      Besides, if a family has to hold down two jobs to survive, they don’t have the ‘rest day’ any more … that’s for laundry and shopping and saying ‘Hi’ to the kids. They just send the tithe as an ‘auto-withdrawl’. The Preachers hope they ‘vote’ on a popular side of ‘feelings’ ….
      As we can see, there actually is a little democracy even in that ‘upper house’. :-))

      Getting off work on Fridays, however, is ALWAYS a great idea. :-)))
      And if you get to shoot guns in the air after ‘the meeting’, WOWIE … even better. :-)))))))

      1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
        Maborlz Ez-Hari

        5th looks like we need to resume the old lessons again before its too late. You know getting yourself in order before the thief in the night is at your door. I really sincerely hope you allow yourself to believe.

      2. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
        Maborlz Ez-Hari

        Your only free minded for a short period of time, but our deeds will be scrutinized and there will be a Judge so before the trial is near start living accordingly so when that time is at hand we only render things we are not ashamed of. Remember eternity does not END.

        1. MekensehParty Avatar
          MekensehParty

          keep your threats of the afterlife for yourself
          as I always say: if Paradise is filled with people like you, I’ll be just fine in hell

          1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            If you dont believe in the after life and you dont believe in religion thats fine so why do you care what the church says. You are obviously outside the church and thats your choice but being in comunion with the church allows one to express their opinion. My care factor regarding the acceptance of homosexuality is high because it will allow them to further their errors openly, unashamedly, with ambitions to have children who will be deprived of either a mother or a father. This is a gross error for clueless people who just want to see everything as acceptable without realising the possible outcomes. Tfehh and get stuffed.yuuuuuukkkkkkkk.

          2. MekensehParty Avatar
            MekensehParty

            Errors? Shame? Ambition to have children who will be deprived????
            Those are the words they used in Jahiliya to describe homosexuality.
            Today and in the modern world that you’re obviously not part of and that the church is trying to catch up with, these words are considered shameful.
            And you speak of “communion” with the church and the right to express your opinion by denying others of different sexual orientations to express theirs?
            Where’s the logic?
            Far far away it seems

          3. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            Stop relying on your own intelligence and logic it’s certainly limited. There is a bug in your system and you must find a way to remove it. Actually you have quite a few maybe you need to refer to Igor’s comments I can’t help you. Yuuuuuukkkkkk

      3. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
        Maborlz Ez-Hari

        Keep your coins in your pocket 5th, no one wants your money.

    3. MekensehParty Avatar
      MekensehParty

      Same logic as an IS follower
      speaking of sins and eternal damnations and the unchangeable sacred words
      all these words were written by half-sedentarized people thousands of years ago
      go live in the jahiliya

      1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
        Maborlz Ez-Hari

        Fine your free to do as you please go for it, your freedom allows you to do as you please go get some faeces on your donga.

    4. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
      Maborlz Ez-Hari

      The Roman Magisterium has also written extensively in its warning and condemnations of sodomy. We draw particular attention to one sentence of the Vatican document:14 Declaration On Certain Questions Concerning Sexual Ethics, issued in 1975, and further examine its startling testimony. On Homosexual Acts: “Sacred Scripture condemns them as gravely depraved and even portrays them as the tragic consequence of rejecting God. No. 8 – cf. Romans 1.” One will immediately note that there is a cause shown for this “gravely depraved” condition. The cause being that of “rejecting God.” Scriptural reference is made to “Romans 1.” This obligates us to take a serious look at St. Paul’s teaching in Romans 1. It is as follows:

      “Therefore, God handed them over to impurity through the lusts of their hearts for the mutual degradation of their bodies. They exchanged the truth of God for a lie and revered and worshipped the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever, Amen. “Therefore, God handed them over to degrading passions. Their females exchanged natural relations with females into that use that is against nature Males did shameful things with males and thus, received in their own persons the due penalty for their perversity. And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God handed them over to their undiscerning mind to do what is improper. They are filled with every form of wickedness, evil, greed, and malice; full of envy, murder, rivalry, treachery, and spite. They are gossips and scandalmongers and they hate God. They are insolent, haughty, boastful, ingenious in their wickedness, and rebellious towards their parents. They are senseless, faithless, heartless, and ruthless. Although they know the just decree of God that all who practice such things deserve death, they not only practice them but give approval to those who practice them.” 15

      1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
        Maborlz Ez-Hari

        “They exchanged the truth of God for a lie and revered the creature rather than the Creator…” This is a revealing of the condition of a person consciously putting him/herself before God: the “revered creature” being one’s self — a condition more commonly referred to as “narcissism” (self-adulation), the first sister of pride. These acts of the individual are not formal or public, but interior acts. Only God thus knows of them. It would seem that justice would deem such comportment to be of mortal consequence only after the individual had attained the age of reason.

        It may well be here to point out that in the hierarchy of sin, the lower type would be such as sins of the flesh. The highest and worst kind is intellectual sin, which stems directly from interior pride leading to the act of disobedience.16 Pride is named as the most devastating of sins and its source is exclusively intellectual. Its deadliest offspring is idolatry (disdaining God for the creature).

        It would be entirely appropriate to associate pride much more predominantly as an affliction of the intellectually competent. Does this have anything in common with the sodomite intellect? Yes it does. The market research by the editors of The Advocate, the nation’s largest gay publication, shows “gays have an annual income of $62.000 – nearly twice the national average.17 Earnings directly reflect intellectual acumen, so yes, the sodomite population, as a whole, reflects high intellectual attainment.

        “Therefore, God handed them over to degrading passions. Their females exchanged the natural use into that use which is against nature. Males did shameful things with males and thus, received in their own persons the due penalty for their perversity.”

        1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
          Maborlz Ez-Hari

          Before departing from St. Paul’s Biblical instruction in Romans 1, we would note that the sodomite condition does not just encompass the defilement of their bodies through depraved sexual acts. We quote:

          “They are filled with every form of wickedness, evil, greed, and malice, full of envy, murder, rivalry, treachery, and spite. They are gossips and scandalmongers and they hate God. They are insolent, haughty, boastful, ingenious in their wickedness, and rebellious towards their parents. They are senseless, faithless, heartless and ruthless…”

          Now one might be tempted to think this listing of defects to be an allegorical piling on, so to speak. Any who have read serious studies published on the sodomite persona, however, will discover that these faults are all indeed traits commonly exhibited in these persons. One thus gains a greater comprehension of the “hellish” milieu these people get themselves impressed into. As just one source we would site as reference “HOMOSEXUALITY – A Freedom Too Far (321 pages), by well known psychoanalyst Charles W. Socarides, M.D., answering 1000 questions often asked about the sodomite person and culture.

          Furthermore, being intelligent as most all are, the sodomite individual sooner or later has to come to grips with the awareness that something is radically wrong. His unrelenting and overpowering compulsions are to activity that is directed to bodily degradation, rampant venereal disease and death. The whole lifestyle is a total contradiction to meaningful reason. He knows the above listed aberrations are conditions of his state. It is not at all surprising, then, to find that many want desperately to escape the bonds of this god-awful environment and its debilitations.

          1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            THE EFFECT

            The Bible is unerring and where it reveals God’s pronouncements on consequences to the human creature given to a particular offense, it shall be done. There is no question! God quite distinctly gives the cause and effect of the sodomite condition that He informs stems from self-love (idolatry). The effect of this is to grant the offender his indulgences but to such a degree that it becomes a self-destructing curse. God withdraws significant internal (ontological) sustenance and he is “handed over” to an overwhelming concupiscence, which becomes the master.

            For, although the offender placed his gratification as first, he becomes a slave to uncontrollable compulsions to gratification that cannot be satiated. Lust becomes a monster that takes no rest. Moreover, the curse is compounded by its unrelenting affinity to personal debasement in acts, which go directly against nature and reasoning — confounding dynamism’s that compel to the unclean and loathsome, obsessions to punish rather than care for the bodily entity. We could go on, but the sodomite behavior directed to self-destruction is documented in mountains of material going back in all of recorded history.

            One predominate trait of the sodomite is hate, a self hate to begin with. This is undoubtedly a natural outgrowth of their coming to the knowledge that they do not have control over their inordinate sexual appetites and demand. This self-hate is undoubtedly the seedbed for the other corruptions spoken of by St. Paul in Romans above.

          2. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            THE REMEDY

            There are emphatic assertions made on both sides of the issue of remedy for the sodomite condition. Some testify to their successful extrication from the culture and can give as witness their current normal lifestyle, even to successful and happy marriage and the blessings of children. There are others of the sodomite culture who vehemently declare that a true sodomite cannot become heterosexual in preference or practice. Ironically, there is truth in both of these allegations. This is not predicated on the premise that there are two forms of the sodomite condition, however; there is only one.

            The answer to this seeming quandary lies in the choice of means taken in seeking the remedy. There is only one door leading to cure and that is the same one he had chosen to depart from God through. He must first recognize and acknowledge his error and offense and return through that door to the arms of the loving God who awaits him. As a “Prodigal Son,” of which he is, he begs God’s forgiveness and assistance. Such restitution, sincerely made, will never, repeat, never, be denied the aid appealed for! The more they give themselves up to the will of their Creator, the sooner and more complete the release from their distress.

            On the other hand, the one who seeks remedy while their personal idolatry is maintained holding pride of place, shall find their efforts fruitless and rejected. While they remain in such a state, there shall be no release granted from their sodomite state of being. Their hate shall mount and their personal degradation shall increase.

            Those sincerely seeking remedy, then, must go by the path to God and repentance. Those organizations or groups that do not profess and follow such a course may afford succor but not a cure. As formidable as the sodomite affliction is, miraculously the “Divine Physician” who holds its remedy — God, is also infinitely merciful, and He who holds all healing as but a matter of His divine will. Good news indeed!

  2. FadiAbboud Avatar
    FadiAbboud

    I feel confident that since many Catholics are supportive of gays, than the bible quotes which people use to condemn homosexuality are misinterpreted as often times the bible has been. Many verses in the old testament support, slavery, stoning and violence which are not Christian beliefs. Let’s not forget, there are and have been many gay priests and popes and apostles, Saints, who have contributed positively to Christianity within the Catholic church. These people are not to be confused with pedophiles as pedophilia is a separate issue outside of homosexuality/heterosexuality. People are entitled to their own opinions but the Pope is the leader of the Catholic church and the expert theologian on this subject and others.
    In addition, Jesus came down to earth in fulfillment of the old scriptures and they are not to be used as a guide for Christian Life since Jesus himself changed the old laws, from the old “eye for an eye” to the current practice of “turn the other cheek”. Controversial as it may be, there is equal if not more evidence to argue that Homosexuality is not condemned by the Catholic Church as there are for those who oppose it. The church, as the Pope sees it, it wrong on this issue as they have been wrong during other times in History and have tried to correct those wrongs. It is long overdue.

    1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
      Maborlz Ez-Hari

      WRONG, WRONG, WRONG. Listen to me Fou fou aboud never ever has there been a homosexual Saint. And tell me once when the church has been wrong in moral matters. If you have an opinion check its legitimacy before you share it and lead others into error.

      1. FadiAbboud Avatar
        FadiAbboud

        Can you confirm or deny that any of the celibate Saints were either Homosexual or Heterosexual? The point is that it mute. The pope is the leader of the church as the Jesus Christ commanded him to be. If you are a true Catholic, this is not a question. But now, since the Pope’s leadership does not suit your personal misguided views, its convenient for your to disagree.

        1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
          Maborlz Ez-Hari

          Celibate means no sex. Just stop expressing your clumsy opinions.

          1. FadiAbboud Avatar
            FadiAbboud

            I am sorry that I need to educate you further ,but obviously you do not understand. A person can be either homosexual or heterosexual without acting on their desires. There is no way for you or anyone else to know if any if the celibate Saints or Priests or Apostles where heterosexual or homosexual. Therefore, for you to assume that every single one of them was heterosexual is not accurate. Coincidentally. there many Catholic hierarchy who are also celibate homosexuals ( as they need to be) and have contributed positively to Christianity and the church. Your examples are flawed and misguided, but someday God may shed his grace upon you. A person’s sexual orientation is not chosen, whether homosexual or heterosexual. A comparison of such to the conscious acts of stealing or lying is again, not accurate, as these are learned behaviors, no innate. God made people as they are born and loves them as He made them. If you disagree with my statements, that’s your prerogative. But know that several Religious leaders of all denominations also believe in the same truths that many people, religious or non religious also believe to be true.
            Enjoying posting !

          2. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            Question: “Does the Bible (Revelation) specifically address the condition of sodomy?” Answer: Most emphatically so, in both the Old and New Testaments. Moreover, not only does it describe and condemn its immoral properties repeatedly but also it gives identification to its very causes.

            Question: “Is there any solemn obligation vested in the faithful to accept and adhere to the authority of the Bible teaching on morals.” Answer: The following is what Vatican Council II has to say on the subject of the authority of the Bible:

            “The divinely revealed realities, which are contained and presented in the text of sacred Scripture, have been written down under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. For Holy Mother Church relying on the faith of the apostolic age, accepts as sacred and canonical the books of the Old and the New Testaments, whole and entire, with all their parts, on the grounds that, written under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit (cf. Jn. 20:31; 2 Tim. 3: 16; 2 Pet. 1: 19-21; 3: 15-16), they have God as their author, and have been handed on as such to the church herself. (Cf. Vatican Council I, Const. Dogm. De fide catholica. C. 2 -de revelatione: Denz. 1787 #3006.) To compose the sacred books, God chose certain men who, all the while He employed them in this task, made full use of their powers and faculties (Cf. Pius XII, Encycl. Divino Afflante Spiritu, 30 Sept. 1943) so that, though He acted in them and by them, it was as true authors that they consigned to writing whatever He wanted written, and no more.

            “Since, therefore, all that the inspired authors or sacred writers affirm should be regarded as affirmed by the Holy spirit, we must acknowledge that the books of Scripture firmly, faithfully and without error, teach that truth which God, for the sake of our salvation, wished to see confided to the sacred Scriptures. Thus ‘all Scripture is inspired by God, and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction and for training in righteousness, so that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work’” 2 Tim. 3: 16-17.13

      2. MekensehParty Avatar
        MekensehParty

        you want pictures?
        Too bad there were no facebook in the times of mar charbil

        1. Igor Chingoski Avatar
          Igor Chingoski

          I really hope that Yalibnan see how You dare to insult, But I really know why You are a sore ass, You are a Deranged Homosexual who thinks everyone is like You, coming from a Father who was Homosexual and a Mother who was a Lesbian You where the product of a dildo You father was pregnant and You where born after a big fart You came a little shit who took form as a Hungarian Jew who eats American shit and throws shit to everyone in this word because You hate Your life as a shit, You envy, desire wish to be other than shit, and when You realize that is not going to happen, You recur to Your insults as a weapon to offend and transmit how misserable You are, You expend Your existence as a Shit watching with fear day and night that someone might step on You and end Your miserable existence, the day will come and what will be left of You will be a spot of Shit in the Memories of Your Gay Father and Mother who in turn will say: Fucken Torah Hanukkah! Our Shit was a good shit!

          Sincerely.

          Igor Chingoski.

          1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            Shiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiit, don’t want to be messing with our Igor.

          2. Anti ISIS Avatar

            That is one shitty life.

  3. Homosexuality is a Jewish thing coming from Sodomah and Gomorrah.
    As for the old testament, Jesus a Phoenician Messih and member of the white fraternity has nothing to do with Judaism, Our Bible was written in Biblos and Ma’aloula and plagiarized, adultered and modified to suit certain goals of land grab.
    Think in the creation of Lebanon when HANNAN (GOD) gave to Didditta green valleys and rivers, mountains with waterfalls and then HANNAN GAVE HER A MAN. OK?
    Gays don’t want a religion, they want to be able to harass normal people with their exhibitionism, and to force the whole Catholic Church in to decadence, Religion is SPIRITUALITY NOT SEXUALITY, I HOPE SOMEONE WILL BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THAT!

    1. FadiAbboud Avatar
      FadiAbboud

      Homosexuality, like Heterosexuality has been around from the beginning of time. This is not a new ” phenomenon “. Jesus Christ has never commented on one’s sexual orientation as it is irrelevant to his message. The message is a greater, simple message of non judgement, Love, peace and unity, equality and justice. Gay people have been and always will be a part of the fabric of the Catholic and other Christian denominations. How easy it is for you to judge others based on something as simple as sexual orientation to overcast the sins which you commit.

      1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
        Maborlz Ez-Hari

        So has murder, stealing, adultery etc etc they have been around from the begining of time does that make it ok to commit such acts? Stating religous truths isnt me being judgemental, and im not covering up my sins either but atleast im ashamed of them not going around telling people its ok were in the 28th century now we are allowed to masturbate while on the bus, who says i shouldnt go shopping naked? Whats next ? Pedophilia, beastiality tell me where do you stop this trash? Just yuuuuukkķkkk.

        1. 5thDrawer Avatar

          Shopping naked is ok with me … ;-))
          (except maybe at walsmart…. fancy dress-code there I think …)

        2. 5thDrawer Avatar

          Don’t go with the Russian propaganda of the last two years.
          Gay does not equal pedofilia … and does NOT promote it.
          But in Russia, that line is now used to beat on them.

          1. Maborlz Ez-Hari Avatar
            Maborlz Ez-Hari

            I dont know what the Russians do, but who made you the expert on perversions whether its gay or pedophilia accepting one leads to the next there is definitely a trend. The result of acceptance of error leads to more error it compounds itself and you cant reverse it. Bad laws make bad communities you go your way and ill go my way on this one 5th.

    2. Igor Chingoski Avatar
      Igor Chingoski

      RELIGION IS SPIRITUALITY NOT SEXUALITY…
      I love what You said YeUx, just as a footnote, Jews want to destroy the Catholic Church, look how they organize gay parades towards the Nativity Church. Why they don’t do gay parades to the wall where they prey…? It has a lot of holes in it. ;-))))

  4. MekensehParty Avatar
    MekensehParty

    The encouraging sign is that they started the conversation, it may take a year, two or ten and they will change the language.
    Enough discrimination against our fellow humans of various sexual orientations.
    I’m no fan of religious personalities but this Pope has been very courageous.

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